The credibility of the clinical evidence in favor of Alpha-Stim is further enhanced by the fact that the manufacturer of these stimulators, Electromedical Products International, Inc (EPII) is providing no financial support for clinical trials that utilize its devices. EPII limits its role to providing free loans of Alpha-Stim units modified for double-blind placebo-controlled protocols.

Clinical Studies	Abstarct	Full Length Study
Bystritsky, A., L. Kerwin and J. D. Feusner (2008). A pilot study of cranial electrotherapy stimulation for generalized anxiety disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, February 6, 2008:e1-e6.
Childs, A., and L. Price (2007). Cranial electrotherapy stimulation reduces aggression in violent neuropsychiatric patients. Primary Psychiatry, 14(3):50-56.
Tan, G., Alvarez, J. A., and M. P. Jensen. (2006). Complementary and alternative medicine approaches to pain management. Journal of Clinical Psychology: In Session, 62(11):1419-1431.
Tan, G., Rintala, D. H., Thornby, J., Yang, J., Wade, W., and C. Vasilev. (2006).Using cranial electrotherapy stimulation to treat pain associated with spinal cord injury. Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, 43:461-474.
Childs, A. (2005). Cranial electrotherapy stimulation reduces aggression in a violent retarded population: a preliminary report. The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 17(4): 548-551.
Overcash, S. (2005). The effect of ROSHI protocol and cranial electrotherapy stimulation on a 9-year-old anxious, dyslexic male with attention deficit disorder: A case study. Journal of Neurotherapy, 9(2):63-77.
Frick, A., and D. McCauley (2005). Microcurrent electrical therapy heals a recalcitrant wound in a horse. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 25(11): 418-422.
Cork, R. C., P. Wood, N. Ming, C. Shepherd, J. Eddy, and L. Price (2004). The effect of cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) on pain associated with fibromyalgia. The Internet Journal of Anesthesiology. Volume 8(2).
Tae-Kyu L., L. Kwan-Sung, J. Shin-Soo, H. Young-Kil, P. Chun-Kun, and K. Moon-Chan (2004). The control of chronic pain using microcurrent electrical therapy and cranial electrotherapy stimulation. From the Department of Neurosurgery, Kangnam St. Mary’s Hospital, College Of Medicine, and The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea. Presented at the Korea Society for Stereotactic & Functional Neurosurgery April 14, 2004.
Kennerly, R. (2004). QEEG analysis of cranial electrotherapy: a pilot study. Journal of Neurotherapy (8)2.
Scherder, E., D. Knol, E. van Someren, J. B. Deijen, R. Binnekade, F. Tilders, and J. Sergeant (2003). Effects of low-frequency cranial electrostimulation on the rest-activity rhythm and salivary cortisol in Alzheimer's disease. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, 17(2):101-108.
Smith, R. B. (2002). The use of cranial electrotherapy stimulation in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. The Original Internist, 9(3):25-28.
Tomaszek, D. E., and K. Morehead (2001). The use of CES in reducing pain in spinal pain patients (unpublished report).
Kulkarni, A. D. and R. B. Smith (2001). The use of microcurrent electrical therapy and cranial electrotherapy stimulation in pain control. Clinical Practice of Alternative Medicine. 2(2):99-102.
Lichtbroun, A. S., M. C. Raicer, and R. B. Smith (2001). The treatment of fibromyalgia with cranial electrotherapy stimulation. Journal of Clinical Rheumatology, 7(2):72-78.
Sizer P., S. Sawyer, J. Brismee, K. Jones, J. Bruce, and J. Slauterbeck (2000). Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center and University Medical Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA. The effect of microcurrent stimulation on postoperative pain after patellar tendon-bone anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Presented at the American Physical Therapy Association Annual Conference and Exposition, Indianapolis, Indiana; June, 2000.
Tan, G., T. Monga, and J. Thornby (2000). Efficacy of microcurrent electrical stimulation on pain severity, psychological distress, and disability. American Journal of Pain Management, 10(1):35-44.
Clark, N., D. Mills, and J. Marchant (2000). Evaluation of the potential efficacy of the Alpha-Stim SCS in the horse. DeMontfort University Equestrian Centre and Field Station, Caythorpe, Lincolnshire, United Kingdom. January, 2000.
Smith, R. B. (1999). Cranial electrotherapy stimulation in the treatment of stress related cognitive dysfunction, with an eighteen month follow up. Journal of Cognitive Rehabilitation, 17(6):14-18.
McClure, M. W., and K. Morehead (1999). A pilot study of the use of microcurrent stimulation in the treatment of interstitial cystitis (unpublished report).
Winick, R. L. (1999). Cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES): a safe and effective low cost means of anxiety control in a dental practice. General Dentistry, 47(1):50-55.